Legal Data Implications Issues - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 327 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2018/12/14 Category Ethics Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Health Care Essay Did you like this example? Tom Beauchamp and James children discovered health care ethics principles in the year 1985. Ethics principles were established to guide in decision making when health practitioners inevitably encountered difficult circumstances concerning patients. The ethical principles are contained in the data protection Act 1998(DPA1998) besides caldicoff principles of an authentic practice on the additional users of the personal data. The ethical have both legal and illegal impact on both parties involved. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) powers were under justice department and also were under the United States labor department from 1933 to 1940. Its functions ceased when most of its features were transferred to new entities. Uncertainty about legal and authentic requirement has remained unanswered up to date (Danley 2010). The two critical implication to address are confidentiality and quality management. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Legal Data Implications Issues" essay for you Create order Cases against unlimited data overwhelmed the (INS). Health related information requires a high level of restriction. Records confidentiality through security fixed locks cabins should be the best solution. Moreover, cabin keys should be under one staff member management. As a result, patients will have confidence and visit the hospital when need arises since their data is not exposed to a third party. This practice should be impressed, and in case of a computer system, systems should be fitted with passwords and accessed by only authorized individuals. Besides, despite safeguarding the well-being of patients, the idea will have marketing advantage since most patients prefer information confidence. Similarly, data and documentaries should be safely kept. Anyone or individuals or object engendering misplacement of data should try to evade. The idea aims to enhance  Ã‚   accessibility and quick handling when they are required for health care use. Hence, its successful implementing will accord patients trust since it will confirm a high management level. In essence, the Immigration and Naturalization Service ethical data issues should be utilized for our healthcare data management implementations. References Danley, J. V. (2010). SEVIS: The Impact of Homeland Security on American Colleges and Universities. New Directions for Institutional Research, (146), 63-73.

The Australian Constitution Essay - 1027 Words

The Australian Constitution Will Australia become a republic in the next twenty years? This is a difficult question to speculate on. The main area of law governing this issue is section 128 of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (U.K). Other issues in this debate are regarding appointment, termination and the powers to be awarded to the proposed Head of State, and the impact the change will have on the States. Examining the history of Australian Legislative powers, and reasons why Australians would want to change, is also useful when speculating on this issue. The Colonial Laws Validity Act 1865 emphasized self-government in the colonies, although denying them the power to amend or repeal British law. (Enright†¦show more content†¦(Chisholm et.al 1997,p.68) There is a feeling that for Australia to be truly independent, the ties with England would need to be severed. (Mack, K., in Corkery et.al 1998, p.34) One view would be to simply abolish the Monarchy. (Winterton, G., in Stephenson et.al 1994, p.17) However, others might say that our current system is already mostly Republican with the only Monarchial elements remaining being the concentration of Royal powers in the Ministry. (http://www.aph.gov.au/senate/general/republic.htm#aussie) In any event, ‘severing the Royal ties’ is not that easy, as amendments to the Australian Constitution Acts 1900(U.K) can only be passed in Parliament in accordance with section 128. (Chisholm et.al 1997, p.61) Section 128 prescribes that changes can only be implemented by referendum. To hold a referendum a Bill needs to be passed through the Commonwealth Parliament to authorize it. Once authorized, a majority of votes, as well as a majority of States is required. This dual criterion has proven difficult to achieve, with only eight referendums being successful since Federation. (Brown et.al 2000, p.p. 68-69 and Chisholm et.al 1997, p.64) If a referendum is successful, the Governor-General will need to assent to the Bill to become an Act. Moreover, since the referendum effectively abolishes the Office of the Governor-General, alternative arrangements could be needed to beShow MoreRelatedThe Australian Constitution1230 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Australian Constitution was drafted at a series of constitutional conventions held in the 1890s. It was passed by the British Parliament as part of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 and took effect on 1 January 1901. The Constitution is the legal framework for how Australia is governed and it can only be changed by referendum.† â€Å"A constitution is a set of rules by which a country or state is run.† Some countries have unwritten constitutions which means there is no formal constitutionRead MoreEssay The Australian Constitution1395 Words   |  6 PagesThe Australian Constitution The founding fathers of Australia could never have predicted the society that was to come. However, the constitution- the most important document of the land- stands today with only 8 changes to the words after over 100 years of use. The constitution is not without flaws; the rights outlined in the document are far from clear, which hampers the knowledge of the public about their rights. However, this does not mean that the rights are notRead MoreThe United States And Australian Constitutions1939 Words   |  8 PagesUnited States and Australian constitutions have their share of similarities and differences. While they both have the same aim and goals, they are still two different countries with their own views, constitutions, and types of of government, and of course different approaches. As I go deeper into this I will explain how the constitutions are so similar yet so different. There are several similarities contained within the preambles of the Australian and United States constitutions. Immediately, theyRead MoreThe Australian Constitution And The Separation Of Power2193 Words   |  9 PagesThe Australian Constitution is a rich amalgam of various classical political principles. The concepts of the Rule of Law and the doctrine of the Separation of Powers evident in Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws are both salient examples of political theses that are central to Australian Constitutional Law. The structure of the Constitution itself and decisions of the High Court of Australia unequivocally validate the entrenchment of the doctrine separation of powers in the Commonwealth ConstitutionRead More The Australian Constitution And The Use Of Convention Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pages The Constitution of Australia is a written document, which came into effect when the six colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. It consists of eight chapters and 128 sections and lays down a set of laws or restraints by which the Federal Government must operate. It establishes the composition, procedures, functions, and powers of government, government authorities, such as the Governor General and other essential institutions. The Constitution is the basic framework forRead MoreAnalysis Of The Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People In The Australian Constitution1091 Words   |  5 Pagesconvention held recently and they push for a constitutionally enshrined Indigenous voice in the Australian Parliament and a commission that will hopefully lead to a treaty. More than 250 community leaders came together for the Uluru conference in discussing the future and what seemed to be the biggest topic, changes made in recognizing the Aboriginal and Toress Strait Islander people in the Australian constitution. Per the article, The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders have rejected the ideaRead MoreAustralian s Constitut ion : The Founding Political And Legal Document Of Our Nation1556 Words   |  7 PagesAustralian’s Constitution is the founding political and legal document of our nation. It underpins the system of government and the federal laws by which our country is run. The Constitution was written over a century ago and was shaped by the values and beliefs of the time, the Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people were not recognised at all. In fact the only mention of the Indigenous people was to exclude them. Most Australian people in society today would be shocked to know that the ConstitutionRead MoreAustralia Based On The Doctrine Of Terra Nullius1416 Words   |  6 Pagesrecognize the existing Indigenous Australians and their ancestral land. Subsequently, the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders were excluded from matters concerning their ancestral land during the drafting of the Australian constitution. Thus, resulting in an Australian constitution that discriminated ag ainst its first peoples, their connection to the land, culture and laws. â€Å"The Indigenous people we subjugated to the laws and customs of England, the Australian constitution ignored claims to land andRead MoreThe Australian Government Essay1381 Words   |  6 PagesWhen you think of the â€Å"land down under† you don’t really think of the kind of government they have. I chose to write about the Australian government because I really don’t hear much about Australia. It currently has a pretty interesting story to tell when it comes to their government. I became a bit interested in Australian politics when I saw a political animated cartoon on the internet that depicted Kevin Rudd, the last Prime Minister, on a news television show and it was quite humorous. I am goingRead MoreMajor Issues in the High Court Review 2006931 Words   |  4 Pages The major issues in the high court review 2006: Australian Federalism – implications of the work choices decision is that it seems unlikely that voters would have supported the characterisation of the corporation power that was adopted by the court. This might be viewed as a problem. This is argued that the majority’s disregard of failed referendums constitutes usurpation of the people’s privilege to change constitution as certain. Callinan J stated that the view of the people was appropriate arbiters

Sociology Dissertation Topics Free Essays

string(33) " which this statement is true 2\." 1.0 Introduction A number of issues that fall within the category of social science form the foundation of an in-depth and extensive research on any sociology topic. This article provides suggestions into a number of sociology dissertation topics covering ten areas of study under social science. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Dissertation Topics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Contrary to other dissertation topics on our site Journal, we have presented these as suggestions for a topic you could use. That way you could frame the exact topic how you’d like based on the suggestions presented. 2.0 Categories and subsequent list of dissertation titles 2.1 Sociology of religion 2.1.1. Different genders have dissimilar relations on sexual and gender issues. Analyze the relation flanked by sexual issues and gender based on different religions 2.1.2. Cross religious beliefs in the world vary according to the customs and practices of a country. Provide an assessment into the cross religious values and beliefs with reference to the United Kingdom 2.1.3. Religion and educations are closely linked in modern studies of social science. Investigate the connection between education and religion emphasizing on the two aspects as a social institute 2.1.4. Advancement in technology and increased freedom of the media has created different perceptions on religion. Discuss the role of electronic and print media in the United Kingdom in creating different perceptions concerning different religions 2.1.5. Social change has taken over the world. Discuss this statement with reference to the link between social change and religion 2.1.6. Inter-faith accords are necessary for peaceful coexistence of different religions. With reference to the UK, explore grounds on which of reaching common religious grounds through inter-faith connections 2.1.7 The society’s social structure is rapidly changing in the modern world. Critically analyze the role of religious institutions in the UK and their effect on the social structure of the community 2.1.8 Discuss ways in which social interactions among people with dissimilar religious beliefs have orchestrated religious diffusion 2.1.9 Discuss the significance of religion and its impact on marriages in the modern world 2.1.10 Politics has a close relation with religion. Explore possible ways in which political behavior may be connected to religion with reference to the UK. 2.2. Sociology and education 2.2.1 Social exclusion of young people in schools has changed the structure of the education system. With reference to UK public school, analyze the education structure based on socially excluded people 2.2.2 Discuss the impact of sociological policies on education history after World War II with relevance to the UK 2.2.3 Explore the connection between academic performance and teacher’s motivation level with reference to public schools 2.2.4 Discuss the impact of social assistance and guidance in primary and secondary schools in the UK 2.2.5 Explore the effect of the school background on children’s acuity toward the larger society 2.2.6 With reference to UK’s scholarship policies on higher education, explore the effect of such policies on social stratification on the society 2.2.7 Compare and contrast sociological and economic outcomes of UK’s education curriculum on students 2.2.8 Analyze the educational environment by public UK public schools toward establishing inter-faith affiliations among students 2.2.9 With reference to Marx’s Conflict Theory on education, examine the UK public system and the sociology concept pin the conflict theory 2.2.10 Explore possible avenues through which the UK public school system can reduce the gap in education for marginalized groups 2.3. Cultural sociology 2.3.1 To what extent do foreign cultures brought in by immigrants affect the indigenous values and practices in the UK? 2.3.2 Provide a critical analysis into the aspect if cultural lags in the modern society with reference to the UK 2.3.3 Foreigners can have cultural upsets to places they are unfamiliar. Explore the types and scope of cultural distress that an alien from Asia of Africa may encounter in the UK 2.3.4 Social interactions among cultures are necessary for peaceful co-existence. Discuss the positive and negative facets of social interaction among sub-cultures in the UK 2.3.5 To what extent do you agree that Marx’s Conflict theory applies to societies in the UK? 2.3.6 Provide a critical analysis of the different subcultures existing in the UK. Limit your scope geographically 2.3.7 Examine the historical changes of UK’s popular culture today and 100 years ago 2.3.8 Analyze Marx Webbers rationalism theory and explain its relation to the social structure of the UK society 2.3.9 Critically analyze the changing trends in societal norms in the UK, making comparison UK’s culture decades ago 2.3.10 Examine the shifting fundamentals of counterculture with reference to the UK society 2.4. Comparative Sociology 2.4.1 Compare Japan’s culture as a capitalist state with the UK as a welfare state 2.4.2 Critically analyze the aspects of social inequality drawing comparisons on Communism vs. Capitalism 2.4.3 Examine the facets of determining the social development of an individual under the democratic and totalitarian systems 2.4.4 Compare and contrast the responsibility and impact of religion in shaping social aspects of the Arab and American societies 2.4.5 America and Britain have different education systems. Compare the two systems and their roles in shaping societal norms 2.4.6 Family is the basic unit of any society. Provide a comparative analysis of the family structure in the Arab and British societies 2.4.7 Compare marriage as an institution in the American and Indian societies 2.4.8 Immigration in the UK has diffused its culture. Explain whether the UK has maintained its providing a comparative analysis of various cultures in the modern British society. 2.4.9 Compare the practices and trends in labor markets in Asia and the UK 2.4.10 Focusing your research on Africa and America compare gender issues affecting these two societies and their impact. 2.5. Political Sociology 2.5.1 Examine the trends and dimensions of gender voting in the American and British political systems 2.5.2 Explore the impacts of increased globalization on the political landscape and state politics in the UK 2.5.3 Social issues mainly drive power politics in the America society. Discuss the extent to which this statement is true 2.5.4 Examine the power and influence of minority interests in mainstream UK power politics 2.5.5 Discuss the extent to which British power politics conform to Marx’s views on social class. 2.5.6 Discuss the effects of political power struggles among the society’s elite groups on the social welfare of the people 2.5.7 Critically analyze UK’s state welfare structure and its impact on social aspects and trends 2.5.8 Discuss the extent to which democracy can apply in a capitalist state society 2.5.9 Examine the link between religion and politics as the leading social institutions of the world today 2.5.10 Compare the balanced-legal and charismatic models of leadership in the UK and assess their suitability to the contemporary society 2.6. Economic Sociology 2.6.1 Evaluate capitalism and communism economic models and their effects on the social pecking order 2.6.2 Conduct an analysis into the sociological magnitudes and proportions of consumer spending in the UK 2.6.3 To what extent does the UK economy relate to Marx’s criticism of capitalism? 2.6.4 Explain the social transforms experienced in the UK during economic transition from the Agrarian revolution to the modern informational upheaval 2.6.5 Discuss the extent to which the informal economy can engender internal socio-economic growth in the UK 2.6.6 Provide a critical analysis explaining whether the communist economic model can suit the current UK society 2.6.7 Discuss the social effects of augmented worldwide labor immigration on UK’s society 2.6.8 Examine the effect of the professional (white collar) and manual (blue-collar) jobs on the social divide in the modern British societies 2.6.9 Discuss the family relationships of a contemporary UK household focusing on the intra family relationships and their effect on the society 2.6.10 Explore the negative effects of the recent global financial crisis on the UK economy and its impact on the social stratification of the labor markets. 2.7. Industrial Sociology 2.7.1 Social communication is an essential organizational aspect. Discus the social scope of basic communication within a corporation 2.7.2 Provide a detailed analysis of the social organization of an archetypal extensive corporation in the UK 2.7.3 Creating a balance between management and social requirements is necessary in any organization. Examine ways that managers can create this balance and argue whether the relationship should be based on organizational objectives or social requirements 2.7.4 Explore the connection between employee performance based on productivity and motivation 2.7.5 Trade unions play a critical role in the social well-being of workers. Discuss the shifting trends in the role of trade unions as champions of social well being of UK workers 2.7.6 Technology has necessitated automation of everything including workers. Discuss the effects of automation on the social well being of employees by UK organizations 2.7.7 Discuss the connection between culturally sensitive organizational policies and employee satisfaction and performance 2.7.8 Explore the possible ways through which organizations can handle cultural multiplicity and develop cultural synchronization 2.7.9 Explore the fundamental facets of modern UK industrial societies 2.7.10 Discuss the role of corporate social responsibility in influencing societal values and practices 2.8. Sociology of Criminology 2.8.1 Examine the historical background of social reasons behind the increased street gangs in the UK 2.8.2 Describe the aspect of increased alcohol consumption as a major social reason for augmenting crime in the UK streets 2.8.3 Discuss the social alternatives toward crime prevention arguing whether corporal punishment is the sole option for preventing crime 2.8.4 Criminal activities involving knives have been on the increase. Explain the social reasons behind augmenting knife felony in the UK society 2.8.5 Criminal agencies have been reported to abuse crime reporters. Explore whether there are any indications of cruelty in crime coverage or reporting 2.8.6 Provide an analysis examining whether there is a link between ethnical and gender magnitudes to criminal activities in the UK 2.8.7 Criminal statistics in the UK have been questioned and termed as not reflecting the status quo. Comment on the statistical collection methods of crime and the effect of untrue data on society 2.8.8 Deviance has taken a wider scope in the UK. Discuss the major scope of deviance in the modern UK society 2.8.9 Provide a critical analysis into the British government’s crime prevention and control policies 2.8.10 Explore the scope of Durkheim’s ideology on Anomie and whether the proposal is the major reason for augmenting criminal activities among the youth in the UK 2.9. Marriage and Family Sociology 2.9.1 Discuss the historical perspective of the family as basic societal unit, its structure and size in relation to the UK family 2.9.2 Explore the diversified sub-cultural marriages among various cultures in the UK 2.9.3 Discuss the shifting trends of women empowerment and fertility rates within the scope of marriage with reference to the UK 2.9.4 Explain the significance of child-parent relationships and its effect on family dynamics in modern UK societies 2.9.5 Discuss the impact of familial brutality on the functions and image of the family 2.9.6 Domestic aggressions have increased in recent years. Explain the social issues behind domestic aggression with reference to the UK 2.9.7 Explain the major reason for increasing divorce rates in America and the UK focusing on the social causes 2.9.8 Compare the family relations depicted by a nuclear and extended family focusing on their advantages and disadvantages 2.9.9 Analyze the effect of varying and periodical shifts in social trends on the basic structure of a UK family 2.9.10 Analyze the temperament and scope of UK’s residential trends and patterns and their effects on the societal values and practices 2.10. Gender Sociology 2.10. 1 Examine the changing gender roles, specifically women emancipation and autonomy on the role of women in the society 2.10.2 Media has a pivotal role in shaping gender roles. Discuss the media’s role in determining gender roles in modern societies 2.10.3 Examine the impact of increased participation of women in politics and its effects on their roles in society 2.10.4 Does religion have any role to play in influencing or shaping gender roleDiscuss the validity of this statement with reference to UK political system 2.10.5 Shifting trends in developing countries have equipped women with more bargaining power in the family. Discuss the extent of female bargaining power on the changing roles of women in society 2.10.6 Explore the possible social aspects that determine and influence societal gender relations 2.10.7 Discuss the historical reason behind the exclusion of women from education with reference to their roles 2.10.8 Contrast the roles and functions of the traditional woman with the increased autonomy and freedom of the modern woman focusing on gender equality in modern societies 2.10.9 Examine gender policies in workplaces and discuss the role of such policies in shaping gender quality and eliminating gender discrimination 2.10.10 Discuss the reasons and causes of increased gender discrimination against women in developing countries with specific attention to African countries 3.0 How to structure a sociology dissertation Title page Dedication Acknowledgement Abstract: This includes a precis of the entire dissertation Table of contents Introduction: This section introduces the research study and recaps the scope of the study. This section also recaps the objectives and aims of the study, problem statement and the methodology. Literature review: This section covers an extensive research on previously published and unpublished information pertaining to the study topic. The rationale for including this section is to delve into the weaknesses and strengths of existing research and develop a framework for literature for the study topic. It must include exploratory model on relevant theoretical frameworks and conclude with the research questions that will be answered by the research Methodology: This section outlines how the study was conducted with subtitles explaining strategies used, philosophical considerations, collection of data and analysis. The sections must also highlight the data reliability and validity, limitations of the research, as well as the ethical concerns. Results: This section covers the results of the research stressing on raw data collected rather than elucidations and inferences. Discussion: This section includes detailed discussions of the results drawing inferences from the literature review. The discussion must elucidate each study question while discussing whether the evidence presented support the research hypothesis Conclusion: This section concludes the research based on discussed material. It may include any shortcomings of existing research and recommendations for future research. References: Includes a list of material used in the research and must follow the format stated Appendices: Includes interview scripts, questionnaires, research budget, work plan and any statistical outputs. How to cite Sociology Dissertation Topics, Essays

Finance Reporting And Corporate Governance â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Finance Reporting And Corporate Governance? Answer: Introducation The financial statements of the companies are prepared according to the instructions provided in the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The GAAP of different countries is different, for example, the Australian companies follow AASB GAAP, the companies in USA follow US GAAP, and there is international GAAP also being prescribed by IASB. The generally accepted accounting principles are set by referring to the basic accounting concepts and principles such as cost and fair value principle, concept of accrual and prudence, principles of double entry etc. The principles of historical cost state that the assets of an entity should, for first time, be recorded based on the historical cost (Broadbent Cullen, 2012). Further, there are few assumptions that are required to be made in preparation of the financial statements of the entities. The primary among them are the assumption of monetary unit and economic entity. As per the monetary unit assumption, the accounting records should include only the transactions capable of being expressed in monetary terms. The assumption of economic entity states that the activities of an entity are separate and distinct from those of its owners. It implies that the entity has a legal status separate from its owners (Broadbent Cullen, 2012). Further, the historical cost convention provides a basis for measurement of the financial items such as assets and liabilities. As per the historical cost model, an item of asset is recorded in the financial statements at the cost at which it was acquired. The historical cost convention assumes that the value of an item of asset being recognized in the books at the historical cost would remain unchanged over the period of t ime. However, this assumption of historical cost convention does not seem to be appropriate because the value of items of assets may change in future (Lee, 2007). The impact on comparison of the financial statements of three items such as accounting convention and accounting standard, consolidation, and foreign currencies is significant. In particular if one is looking compare Nestle (USA) with Patties Food Limited (Australia), the provisions of GAAP will play a significant role. The consolidated financial statements of Nestle are prepared under the IASB GAAP while that of Patties Food Limited are prepared under AASB GAAP (Nestle, 2016). The accounting conventions and accounting standards provided under the US GAAP are different from that provided under the AASB GAAP. Although the basics are same but differences exists in presentation and measurement of certain items of financial statements. Further, while comparing the financial statements of two entities, it should also be seen that the financial statements are consolidated or standalone. The consolidated financial statements comprises of the financial statements of parent and all its subsidiaries (Robinson et al., 2015). The comparison of two entities would not be fruitful if ones financial statements are consolidated and others are standalone. Further, the foreign currency transactions in the financial statements are also crucial to be taken into account for comparison purposes. The financial figures may substantially differ due to involvement of the foreign currencies. The profit or loss on account of foreign currency translation may affect the financial position of the company severely. Explanation of Similarities and Differences The consolidated financial statements of Nestle have been prepared based on the GAAP prescribed by IASB. Thus, in preparation of the financial statements of Nestle, the international accounting standards have been followed. On the other hand, the financial statements of Patties Food Limited have been prepared applying AASB GAAP (Pattiesfoods, 2015). Thus, the financial statements of Patties Food Limited have been prepared on the basis of Australian Accounting Standards. The provisions of accounting standards under two GAAPs may be different but the basic principles and concepts are same. Both the accounting frameworks such as IASB as well as AASB follow the accounting concept of accrual and historical cost basis in preparation of the financial statements. The consolidated financial statements of Nestle are being prepared under the IAS 27 while the consolidated financial statements of Patties Food Limited have been prepared under the AASB 127 (AASB 127, 2007). The provisions of the IAS 27 and AASB 127 are similar, thus, the consolidation processes would be same for Nestle (under IASB framework) and Patties Food Limited (under AASB framework). In regards to foreign currency transactions, it has been observed that AASB 121 has been framed on the same lines of IAS 21. However, there are few presentation requirements in AASB 121 which have been set differently as compared to IAS 21 (AASB 121, 2015). Changes in IFRS Nestle prepares its consolidated financial statements under the IASB framework thus the changes in the international financial reporting standards would affect the financial statements of Nestle. There have been a series of changes in the IASB financial reporting standards over the past few years (EY, 2016). The major changes have been observed in the areas of accounting for financial instruments, lease accounting, revenues from contractors, consolidation of the financial statements and defined benefit plans of employees. The changes in all these accounting standard would affect the financial statements of Nestle in the coming periods. For example, now lease accounting would under the single model and all leases would be shown on the face of balance sheet rather showing under the balance sheet as foot note (EY, 2016). Nestle Delivers Benefits to People through Food Nestle aims at delivering the best food products to its customers. The company works under the strategy of identifying the differing needs of the customers and exploring new products and services to serve them in the better manner (Nestle, 2017). The company is inspired by healthier lives and it makes proactive efforts to educate the customers by disseminating nutrition knowledge. The company promises the use of quality material in making the health products. The company has huge research and development capabilities that enable it to invent healthier products for the customers. The company enjoys digital innovation as one of its major competitive advantages (Nestle, 2017). The strategic road map of Nestle depends upon the pillar depicted in the diagram given below: Figure 1: Strategic Road Map of Nestle (Nestle, 2017) The Basis of Strong Principles The board of directors of Nestle group is focused on achieving the sustainable growth that enables the group to survive in the long run. The board considers pertinent to strike out the balance between the needs of owners, lenders, society, and the environment. The impetus of the board is on enhancing and strengthening the corporate governance in the company. Further, the board seeks proper alignment between the values and strategies of the company and its business models. According to the governance policy of the company, the transparency in the financial reporting is of utmost importance. The company makes different committees to ensure that the financial reporting is kept transparent. The audit committee and nomination and remuneration committee works in these areas (Nestle, 2017). Adjusting journal entries on 30th June 2013 Particulars Debit Credit Supplies expense 2,400.00 Supplies 2,400.00 (Being supplies consumed) Interest expense 1,000.00 Accrued interest 1,000.00 (Being interest on note payable charged for 5 months) Prepaid insurance 600.00 Insurance expense 600.00 (Being insurance used for 4 months) Consulting revenue 1,100.00 Unearned consulting revenue 1,100.00 (Being unearned consulting revenues booked) Accounts receivables 2,000.00 Graphic revenue 2,000.00 (Being earned graphic revenues booked) Depreciation 1,500.00 Accumulated Depreciation 1,500.00 (Being depreciation expense booked) Unadjusted trial Adjustments Adjusted trial Debit Credit Debit Credit Debit Credit Cash 9,500.00 9,500.00 Accounts receivables 14,000.00 2,000.00 16,000.00 Equipment 45,000.00 45,000.00 Insurance prepaid 1,800.00 600.00 1,200.00 Salary expense 30,000.00 30,000.00 Supplies 3,700.00 2,400.00 1,300.00 Advertisement expense 1,900.00 1,900.00 Rent expense 1,500.00 1,500.00 Utilities expenses 1,700.00 1,700.00 Notes payable 20,000.00 20,000.00 Accounts payable 9,000.00 9,000.00 Jill Salzer, Capital 22,000.00 22,000.00 Graphic revenue 52,100.00 2,000.00 54,100.00 Consulting revenue 6,000.00 1,100.00 4,900.00 Supplies expense 2,400.00 2,400.00 Interest accrued on note (20000*12%*5/12) 1,000.00 1,000.00 Interest expense 1,000.00 1,000.00 Insurance expenses 600.00 600.00 Unearned consulting revenue 1,100.00 1,100.00 Accumulated Depreciation 1,500.00 1,500.00 Depreciation expense 1,500.00 1,500.00 Total 109,100.00 109,100.00 8,600.00 8,600.00 113,600.00 113,600.00 Income Statement for the Period ended on 30th June 2013 Particulars Debit Credit Revenues Graphic revenue 54,100.00 Consulting revenue 4,900.00 Total 59,000.00 Expenses Salary expense 30,000.00 Advertisement expense 1,900.00 Insurance expenses 600.00 Rent expense 1,500.00 Utilities expenses 1,700.00 Supplies expense 2,400.00 Interest expense 1,000.00 Depreciation expense 1,500.00 Profit 18,400.00 Statement of change in equity for the Period ended on 30th June 2013 Jill Salzer, Capital 22,000.00 Add: Profit for 6 months 18,400.00 Closing balance 40,400.00 Statement of financial position for the Period ended on 30th June 2013 Amount Amount Assets Current assets Cash 9,500.00 Accounts receivables 16,000.00 Insurance prepaid 1,200.00 Supplies 1,300.00 Non-Current assets Equipment 45,000.00 Accumulated depreciation (1,500.00) Total 71,500.00 Liabilities Current Liabilities Accounts payable 9,000.00 Interest accrued on note (20000*12%*5/12) 1,000.00 Unearned consulting revenue 1,100.00 Non-Current Liabilities Notes payable 20,000.00 Equity Jill Salzer, Capital 22,000.00 Profit for 6 months 18,400.00 Total 71,500.00 References Broadbent, M. Cullen, J. 2012. Managing Financial Resources. Routledge. Robinson, T.R., Henry, E., Pirie, W.L., Broihahn, M.A. 2015. International Financial Statement Analysis. John Wiley Sons. Pattiesfoods. 2015. Annual report of pattiesfoods 2015. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://pattiesfoods.com.au/system/investor_documents/files/000/000/193/original/Annual_Report_2015.pdf?1445312740 AASB 127. 2007. Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB127_07-04_COMPjul07_07-07.pdf AASB 121. 2015. The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB121_08-15.pdf 2016. IFRS Update of Standards and Interpretations in Issue at 31 March 2016. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/IFRS_Update_of_standards_and_interpretations_in_issue_at_31_March_2016/$File/IFRS%20Update-March2016.pdf Nestle. 2016. Annual report of Nestle 2016. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.nestle.com/asset-library/documents/library/documents/annual_reports/2016-annual-review-en.pdf Nestle. 2017. Strategy of Nestle. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/strategy Nestle. 2017. Corporate Governance. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.nestle.com/investors/corporate-governance Lee, T.A. 2007. Financial Reporting and Corporate Governance. John Wiley Sons

Leading and Influencing

buy custom Recent Rise in Obesity in America essay

buy custom Recent Rise in Obesity in America essay The occurrence of obesity, as well as diseases caused by obesity, has increased tremendously fast in America since 1970. This high number of obesity cases has due to the high number of fast food restaurants and low levels of active transportation, such as public transportation, walking and bicycling. Research shows that many people do few exercises after taking meals, and this has contributed to accumulation of excessive fats in the body that result to obesity (Crawford 2010). These exercises include walking and bicycling, which today people rarely practice. This is because most of the developed countries such as America, most people depend automobiles rather than active transportation such as walking, bicycling when travelling to work and school. This has been a significant determinant of the remarkable increases on the rates of obesity. Obesity has been a silent killer in America and; therefore, intensive efforts are necessary to help in the plight which is obesity. Obesity is a co nstant condition, of storing fats in excess, in the body. Although, body fat is vital for the efficient functioning of the body, too much of fat is dangerous. THE PROBLEM It was noted that many people take this high caloric food and do less exercise such as walking, which has resulted increase of cases of obesity and diseases cause by obesity. According to research, physical activity produced by active transportation can be useful in weight control. Physical activities such as bicycling and walking can help one expend a considerable amounts of energy in a day. Additionally, use of public transportation such as buses, trains and subways help one engage in walking and cycling to and from the bus stop, which will help in weight control as well as other mental and physical health benefits. The purpose of this paper is to explore the problem of low level of active transportation such as walking, public transportation and bicycling, have caused the rise of obesity in America (Great Britain 2004). It will also explore the reasons why it has resulted to the rise of obesity cases. REASONS FOR THE PROBLEM The problem of less active transportation such as walking is common in America whereby many people depend on automobile transportation to travel to work and school (Hamid 2009). One reason for less active transportation among Americans is the busy life that many people have. Many people have more than one responsibility whereby one is a mother or a father, a student, and an employee and the same time. With all these responsibility, one has limited time in a day; therefore, is supposed to use it wisely so as to be able to carry all he responsibilities. To be able to use the limited time to carry out all the activities of the day, many people use automobile transportation, which saves more time than walking, bicycling and using public transportation such as buses. As a result, they are not able to exercise physically, an activity that helps expend significant amounts of energy. This helps in weight control as well as other mental and physical health benefits. With the less physical exe rcise, many people store excessive fats in the body, which leads to obesity, a condition that cause diseases that have killed many people (Jelalian Steele 2008).. The other reason for less active transportation among Americans is that use of personal car to travel in a family is cheap. This is because a family car can be used to carry the whole family when travelling to work as well as the kids when going to school. The parents are able to take the children to school as they go to work. With the high cost of living, many families look for cheaper ways of living, whereby they use the cheapest means of transport to work as well as the kid to school. Therefore, instead of paying the bus fare to school, the parents travel together with their children while they travel to school to save money used when travelling using buses. This has reduced the chances of many children and their parents to participate in activities such as walking in order to expend the energy obtained from the foods they take. As a result, many children and parents become obese since there is excess storage of fats in the body due to less exercise. This excessive accumulation of fats leads to other dangerous diseases such as diabetes, which has killed many Americans. SOLUTIONS To solve this problem whereby less people engage in active transportation that helps in controlling the body weight, solutions should be put forward. One of the solutions is that people who have a busy life due to the many responsibilities they have should find time to engage in activities such as walking. For instance, they should use their weekends to engage in activities such as walking and bicycling in order to compensate for the days they have been using in automobile transportation (Kelly 2010). This will enable utilization of fats that have been taken from the meals, especially those with high content of calories. With the utilization of the excess fats in the body through active transportation and exercises, one is able to control the body weight. This will also help prevent the occurrence of obesity and diseases caused by obesity such as diabetes and heart failure. On the issue of automobile as a cheap way of transport, families should at timess allow the children travel to school using public vehicles such as buses, which will allow them walk from the bus station to school. This will allow them exercise their body in order to use up the excess fats that are stored in the body. Parents should also at times use public transits to travel to work so as to get an opportunity to exercise their bodies to prevent accumulation of fats in the body. In engaging in such activities will prevent them from obesity and diseases, such as diabetes, which force many parents to incur massive medical bills to tender to their medical conditions. As a result, the cost of living continues to increase that may result to poverty in the family. Parents and children; therefore should engage in active transportation when travelling to work and school so as to prevent the occurrence of obesity and diseases related to obesity. In addition, keeping children when they are phy sically fit prevents from limiting their lifespan; hence prevent wiping out future generations in the society. As a result, they are left to enhance development and growth economically in the society. ACTION PLAN Actions should be taken to ensure that cases of obesity are prevented so as to reduce the number of deaths caused by diseases related to obesity. This increased rate of obesity; therefore requires physical exercises, such as active transportation since travelling is an activity that many people engage every day (Kopelman, Caterson, Dietz, 2010). Active transportation such as walking and bicycling will lead to the reduction in obesity rate as well as promoting a healthy nation. Campaigns need to be launched to advocate for health literacy in order to inform people about the significance of good, healthy eating. The public should work together with the private sectors to improve the obesity situation in the country by encouraging physical exercise that help to weight control (Lee, McAlexander Banda 2011). CONCLUSION In conclusion, it is evident that low levels of active transportation, such as public transportation, walking and bicycling have contributed to the rise of obesity in America. Dependency on automobiles has resulted to rise of obesity in America; therefore, it is the high time for Americans to engage in active transportation to reduce cases of obesity. Obesity is the main cause of the many serious diseases. It is time to take a serious stand by emphasizing on the importance of body fitness and exercises. It is time American citizens required immediate action to eliminate obesity in their country. Attitudinal transformation is a significant step towards eliminating cases of obesity in America. Buy custom Recent Rise in Obesity in America essay

Commentaries of ''The Thief of Bagdad 1924 (China Version)'' Movie Review

Commentaries of ''The Thief of Bagdad 1924 (China Version)'' - Movie Review Example However, Ahmed was a Muslim and the fact that, he confessed that, he did not love these women shows that, Islam was treated with levity in the film. After having these 365 wives, Ahmed is still unsatisfied as he tried to win the heart of a princess. Another way that, the film likely treated Islam with levity was in the lives and times of the Sultans of Basra and Baghdad. These two rulers were obviously Muslims and the way they ruled their people does not in any way speak well of Islam. These two Sultans were authoritarians as they ruled their people with an iron hand (The Thief of Baghdad). The producers tried to show that, it is these types of rulers that ruled in the East. It is obvious that, the Middle East region is predominantly a Muslim world (Said). The producers of the film used the examples of the two authoritarian leaders to put Islam in a bad light, as viewers that do not know much about the religion could be quick to conclude that, Islamic rulers treat their people in this manner. Through Ahmed’s experience with the 365 women, the producers of this film tried to show that, the life of a Muslim Man could be unsatisfying. Thus, these are ways that, the producers of the film treated Islam with

The new meaning of Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The new meaning of Quality - Essay Example If we see the size of operations at Sainsbury's meting these attributes consistently is a big challenge . Over the years the business and organizational environment has increasingly become more and more complex. There has been an explosion in choices, options, opportunities and threats, requirements, data and information through IT systems. Organizations have understood the hidden cost of quality, errors, inventories associated with inefficient supply chain. These factors have led to the emergence of a new discipline of supply chain management. A supply chain is essentially managing the journey of inputs to the outputs along with all the associated activities having impact on cost, speed and quality of the output through the journey. Ganeshan & Harrison in their paper explains how traditionally there has been organizations within organizations, silos of functions / departments, each one having their own characteristic goals, many a time at conflict with the organizational goal, resulting in an inefficient supply chain marked by interface problems. The result of these factors is that there is not a single, integrated plan for the organization. Supply chain addresses these issues effectively. Coordination between the various players in the chain is key in its effective management. Cooper and Ellram [1993] compare supply chain management to a well-balanced and well-practiced relay team. Quality begins and ends with customers For any Quality Management System, customer requirement is the input and customer satisfaction is the desired output. The entire quality movement is based on simple but elegant Deming's PDCA cycle. First step in the quality journey is capturing customer requirement followed by design / modification of functions/systems for deployment and continuous improvement of the same through repetitive cycles of feedbacks. The customer experience is captured at Sainsbury's through well-placed mechanisms. Customer Insights group carries out the work of obtaining the true customer requirement by interacting with more than 4000 customers every month which includes obtaining the performance of competitors also in the area of customer satisfaction. Besides the regular channels of obtaining customer perception there is another mechanism to find out customer requirement, which involves trained auditors capturing the customer experiences in the store itself. The practice of interviewing customers in their homes is yet another valuable source of customer expectation determination. The information captured through these mechanisms form the inputs for the Quality Management systems and other operational instruments for delivering the quality products and services to the customers. Supply Chain Transformation at Sainsbury's for improving delivery of quality Sainsbury's had witnessed more than 100 years of successful operations and established itself as market

Admiral George Dewey and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz Essay

Admiral George Dewey and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz - Essay Example In the Navy of the United States, the admiral is a four-star flag officer grade. At the top ranks the Admiral, then the sub-admiral and lower is the Fleet Admiral. There is no a founded ranking above the admiral. Admiral is equal to the position of general in the other uniformed services. In 1899, the Congress acknowledged George Dewey's achievements in the Spanish-American War by empowering the President to select him Admiral of the Navy. In 1944, Chester W. Nimitz was endorsed by the Congress as one of the five-star rank of Fleet Admiral. This paper analyzes the achievements of these two admirals, their leadership traits and their strengths and weaknesses. Introduction While Chester W. Nimitz was still schooling at Tivy High School, Kerrville, Texas, he sought for an appointment to West Point since he had interests on an Army profession. When he missed this chance, he sat for a cutthroat test for Annapolis and was chosen and appointed from the Twelfth Congressional District of Texa s in 1901. In 1905, he left high school to join the Naval Academy Class of that year. He essentially was conferred his high school diploma several years later, after he was a Fleet Admiral. Nimitz was an outstanding student at the Academy, particularly in mathematics and got a distinction. In addition to this, he was an excellent athlete and stroked the squad in his first year class1. After graduating with a distinction from the United States Naval Academy Class of 1905, Nimitz started his profession as a surface officer on several ships. Later, he achieved success as one of the foremost leaders of submarine development and war after being relocated to the new submarine service. These attempts concluded with several aide ranks to flag officers and later control of ships and flotillas2. On the other hand, young Dewey was posted to the steam frigate Wabash after his graduation from the Naval Academy at Annapolis. He stayed here until 1859 when he went back to Annapolis to get his fina l examination. George Dewey got his first assignment on April 18 1861. He became lieutenant, and in the period from 1861 to 1863, he operated on the Mississippi, which was a steam sloop of the West Gulf Squadron. He would not have experienced a lot of service if he had been graduated at a different time. However, that time had a lot of promise for the navy and the army3. Admiral Nimitz had a very admirable and strong character that was characterized with a lot of confidence and patience. For instance, he never wavered from his commitment to task and nation, from rivalry with General MacArthur to the political scheming in the Navy Department. Nimitz never lost concentration of his reliability or the bigger picture of what had to be done for the nation and the war struggle. He deemed himself a man of team and was contented with it. He was not a Man of strict orders but concentrated much on working with the team. He declined several rewarding positions after the Second World War and vi ewed them as not in the best concern of the Navy. Moreover, he did not want to profit on the lives lost during the warfare4. In addition, Nimitz was the pre-renowned carrier strategist of the Pacific. Due to this, Turner (U.S. Naval Academy, 1906) won Nimitz' esteem for leading amphibious associations all through the Pacific in time of the war5. The character of Admiral George is characterized by honesty, refinement, clean and eager, and being a believer in himself6. In the aspects of his command, Dewey knew how to put his foot down with a ton's strength when the situation demanded it. He was fit for leading the United States navy since he created order and discipline, which encompasses the making of a soldier7. It was the routine of Admiral Dewey to abstain from attractive words and used words with accuracy. He definitely did not seek to affirm a case in colors and curves, and yet, through his statements, letters and cables, it is clear that he was a man whose sound was high

The link between leadership and motivation

The link between leadership and motivation Introduction Self motivation is very crucial for those who have the ambition of being leaders at some point in life. This is especially applicable to those who are starters. The type of motivation required in order to ascend to high level of leadership is powerful. It is not a matter of chance that leaders with high capability come into being. It often entails an individual taking a decisive step to cultivate that success regardless of the huddles on the way. Hence, leadership and motivation are so much interrelated that they cannot be separated. Styles used in leadership have a greater impact in an organisation. Workers who are well lead become self motivated to deliver their best effort. Therefore, it is definite that changes in leadership style can improve motivation at workplace. The link between leadership style and motivation According to Manning and Curtis, there are two aspects of caring leadership: first is commitment to task; second and equally important, is concern for people (10). Effective leaders have the potential to inspire workers in an organisation and in turn improve productivity. Leaders need to create passion among workers so that they can see meaning and sense in the different roles they are playing. Both passion and inspiration are key ingredients in motivation. They can be cultivated by sound leadership styles. Leadership style which attempts to share and impart the significance of vision of an organisation with the rest of employees is very important in the process of motivating workers. Once every employee understands the common goal and objectives of an organization as enshrined in its vision statement, it will be quite easy for leaders to build motivation in them. Employees will only have a powerful desire to achieve the goals of an organisation if they understand or identify themselves with its vision (Maddock Fulton 15). It is only through a relational leadership style that vision can be shared from the top leadership to junior employees. An effective leadership style will ensure that workers are well informed of the impact of the vision and mission of the organisation (Clegg, Kornberger Tyrone 241). They should be made to feel part and parcel of the entire process of achieving success as well as enjoying the beneficial outcomes of their commitment. Once this is achieved, workers will be motivated not only because they have attractive fringe benefits but also because they have a bright future together with the organization. Poor leadership will conceal pertinent information from workers. This will make them have a feeling of alienation from the organisation and become less motivated. It is common knowledge that people will tend to have personal drive if they know quite well that they have something to benefit from or be excited about either in the short or long term. When such employee relation is achieved, then the work of a leader will be very smooth. Leaders who understand the fact that they need to create a close working relationship with employees are often successful. It is out of being close with fellow workers that it will be easy to identify and solve their problems at work and therefore motivate them. The link between leadership and motivation has scarcely been researched upon in the past although each of the concepts has been studied at great length (Daft 225). The manner in which the two components of organizational behavior interact is very important in ensuring positive growth in a business organisation. Since it is not possible to measure or quantify motivation, its impacts in an organization can only be felt or realized in the performance of a company over a given period of time. The process of motivation is complex and unless the impact of leadership on the latter is brought on board, it may not be an easy task. Nevertheless, it is sometimes possible for a leader in an organisation to motivate workers without translating to positive outcome in the organization. There are several initiatives which can be put in place in order to motivate workers. However, it is imperative to point out that any such measures can be hampered or enhanced by the leadership style in operation. For example, most workers will be motivated to offer their services if they have job satisfaction. This cannot exist in an organization unless it is well cultivated. It is upon the leader to change the leadership style for employees to derive satisfaction at work. For instance, one way of making sure that employees are satisfied at their place of work is by reducing the level of supervision. Effective leaders do not supervise their juniors too closely. This may create an environment of discomfort and a feeling of being threatened. Most workers would generally prefer to work with minimal control. This is also important because each one of them is made should be made accountable and responsible as well. Additionally, good leadership will recognize the extra effort by employee s. Exceptional performance by workers ought to be rewarded. Both monetary and verbal recognition from the leadership is welcome so that motivation can be enhanced. When organizational members are motivated, it leaves a positive impact on the performance of the organization. Further, theories of motivation like that of Marslow attempt to expound how leadership may be linked to motivation. Leaders in an organization are directly correlated to the growth and motivation of employees depending on the style used. Much research indicates that the top leadership has a key role to play in the determination of companys performance. Positive growth can only be achieved in a case whereby workers are wholly devoted and committed to the realization of the set goals and objectives. Nevertheless, there are some instances when leadership has been considered to be a subsidiary factor as far as organizational performance is concerned. The argument is that junior employees are the one who execute the actual task in an organization while leaders are mainly mandated to give guidance and direction on what is supposed to be done. It is perhaps better to consider teams within an organisation and investigate how team leaders can motivate workers. There is a vivid evidence that the presence of a team leader in an organization is a real motivating factor to workers ( Adler Allison 192). The level of motivation may be quite low whenever a team leader is absent. From this perspective, the general perception is that leaders who steer small teams in organizations are more influential to the teams they are leading compared to top executives. This can be explained from the fact they are very close to the rest of team members and will often listen and act expeditiously to arising issues. Moreover, workers are found to be less motivated when their team leader has been substituted with another one. It takes a significant amount of time before the team can adjust itself to the changes. Nevertheless, it is imperative to underscore the fact that it is only transformational leadership which can usher full motivation. Leadership styles are different and so is the application. One main factor which often leads to team members being motivated in the presence of their leader is the team bonding spirit which develops with time. Members in a team tend to bond emotionally with their leader to the extent that separating the two becomes tricky. Even in cases where a substitute team leader is brought on board, he or she is more or less regarded as a manager but not a leader. This implies that the link between effective leadership and motivation is not instantaneous. It is a process which demands time and space. However, there are demerits when leaders bond too closely with team members. For instance, charismatic leaders who seem to be all efficient and fail to delegate roles to members may prove to be fruitless in the long run. Such leaders fail to empower team members leading to de-motivation. Leaders who take control position of their teams and leave nothing to chance also fall into this category. Members of a team need to be given the chance to exercise their abilities bearing in mind that each one of them has unique potential different from the rest. Notwithstanding this argument, organizations which have established a culture of exemplary performance may not experience much of the impact of charismatic leaders. This is diffused by the growth momentum of the organization. At this point, it is crucial to note that there are some team leadership styles which can uplift the team spirit of junior staff. The subordinates also need to be empowered. This is one way through they can be made to feel a sense of belonging not just within a team but also in the entire organization. The subordinate workers will also derive great job satisfaction at their work place when this kind of transformational leadership is adopted. From the Social exchange standpoint, real empowerment of team members leads to the understanding that each member is important in the process of production and no one is treated as means to achieve the end product. This will definitely improve performance of the organisation owing to intrinsically motivated group. Leadership is a form of social influence which is developed in a cohesive group of people. If a team leader decides to delegate duties to the subordinate staff, then this should be done in a way that it will have the greatest positive influence on each worker. This is now where the difference between superb and inefficient leadership is observed. For example, a transformed leader will first of all judge the ability and potential of each team member and then delegate task accordingly. Workers should be assigned duties in areas of interest and ability so that they can be motivated as they enjoy performing their duties. A leadership style which tends to impose task on workers without evaluating their capability will often miss the point. Workers who are compelled to carry out duties are hardly motivated and this translates to dismal performance. Since leadership is perceived as a social process of creating influence, use of anti-social ways when leading a team may result to de-motivation. For example, leaders who prefer to severely punish errant team members are highly likely to de-motivate workers. A more friendly but firm mode of correcting members should be adopted. Besides, leaders who reward workers with non-contingent stuff may not enhance motivation in them at all. Workers tend to be more understanding when a leader reasons out rationally with them instead of taking some actions individually (Manning Curtis 48). It is evident that leadership style used may generate mixed feelings among workers and their level of motivation at work place. Although no particular leadership style can be proved to be effective in motivating workers, it is imperative to note that although leadership and motivation have been treated in the past as two separate and distinct entities, a close correlation can still be drawn between the two. There are those who argue that leadership does not have any impact on motivation. If this were true, then performance of an organization would not be tagged on the commitment and dedication of employees. Such argument may be misleading because as noted earlier, leadership is a form of social influence. Therefore, the team leader ought to be relational and accommodating to the workers. A leader is much more than just a manager who di shes out principles to be followed by workers. Moreover, a leader seeks to build the team through coordination and organization. In any case, leadership is not only about showing the way but also leading the way. From this understanding, a very strong link is established between leadership and motivation. The concept of motivational leadership is very handy in this discussion. If changes in styles of leadership can improve performance at work place, then leaders who are motivational are very important for improved performance in organizations. For example, workers will tend to admire a leader who is knowledgeable and skillful. They will be motivated by a leader who is confident enough and energetic in leading the team. The leader will also be valued depending on the ability to consider the individual needs of each member of the team in an organization. Workers will be motivated further if the leader is dynamic and capable of initiating changes within a team or organization. Static leadership styles which do not respond to current needs of an organization are cannot enhance motivation. A changed leadership style which seeks to convey information positively is a real motivator at work place. There are moments in the life of a business organisation when situations are tough and perhaps the returns are marginal. An effective leader will try as much as possible to communicate with workers coherently and in way they can easily understand (Griffin Moorhead 39). Effective communication will motivate workers in spite of the situation at hand. Employees will also be motivated if the style of leadership demonstrates confidence. This will enhance security level and workers will also feel safe in their jobs. Another area of importance in leadership and motivation is the decision making process within small working teams or the entire organization. Workers will feel a sense of value, respect and dignity when they are actively involved in the process of decision making at all levels of the organisation. Workers who take part in passing important decisions affecting them will appreciate a great deal and work even harder to achieve the goals of the decisions made. Committed leadership is fundamental in the realization of organizational goals and objectives. When ideas are internalized, deliberated upon and finally transformed into action, the greatest positive effect in the entire organization is produced. Leaders who are not committed to their course of duty may send the wrong signals to subordinate staff. It is obvious that the junior employees will tend to emulate the leadership of the team or organization. Therefore, a less committed leader will equally reverse the commitment of workers and eventually de-motivate them. Transparent form of leadership is the one that operates on an open system. Organizational leadership which runs the affairs of the entire team behind the curtains may not be liked by workers at all. This is also synonymous to directive leadership style whereby workers are supposed to take orders from above and perform their tasks regardless of difficulties. This form of leadership does not permit an open forum where each member of the organization can air opinions. A leadership style based on such principles will de-motivate workers. It makes them belong to the periphery and less significant in the organizational processes. It is factual that unless workers are happy, they will not be productive. Firstly, people who are happy work well with others because they are intrinsically motivated (Adair 85). They create a warm working environment and fellow colleagues enjoy working with them. As a result, a strong and well enhanced team work is built. In the case of a leader, a better working relationship with employees is also harnessed and this facilitates smooth running of the organisation. Conclusion In summing up this paper, it is worth to note that happy workers tend to be more creative at their place of work because their minds are liberated to think and act positively. This is also evident when problems arise in an organisation: workers who are happy would prefer to fix the challenge in preference to complaints. Furthermore, workers who are happy are more energetic and they devote this energy towards achieving the common goal of the organisation. These are elements of positive leadership which leads to motivation of workers. Either monetary or material rewards are good starting points in the process of motivating workers who in turn feel satisfied at their work place. The justification for rewarding workers is that the primary reason for working is to earn. From the perspective that human wants are insatiable, workers will ever value a token of appreciation due to their achievements at work. Therefore, any additional earning over and above the normal remuneration will definit ely lead to job satisfaction. This may be supplemented by verbal recognition on every little achievement by a worker. The security of the job is yet another positive influence towards satisfaction. Employees need to be assured that their jobs are secure and that they do not need to dwell on worries on how sustainable is their work is. Additionally, job security will reduce the rate of turn out in an organisation because workers have the assurance their future livelihood and hence satisfaction. Besides, workers should not be supervised too closely. There should be some degree of freedom. However they should be made to be accountable on their service delivery. This approach will enhance responsibility, sense of purpose and worth hence leading to job satisfaction. A worker who is supervised too closely will often feel threatened and uncomfortable. Hence, leadership style can improve motivation at work place.

Lecithin Supplements Effectiveness In Weight Loss :: Lecithin Health Weight Loss Essays

Lecithin Supplement's Effectiveness In Weight Loss WHAT IS LECITHIN? Lecithin, a lipid material composed of choline and inositol, is found in all living cells as a major component of cell membranes, which regulate the nutrients entering and exiting the cell. The term "lecithin" has two definitions depending on what group is using the term. Scientists define lecithin as synonymous with phosphatidylcholine, the name for one of the principle phospholipids. On the other hand, producers of lecithin for commercial use use the term lecithin to refer to a complex mix of phosphatides and other substances that contain phosphatidylcholine. HOW IS LECITHIN SOLD TO THE PUBLIC? Lecithin can be naturally consumed through a diet including lecithin rich foods such as egg yolk, soybeans, grains, wheat germ, fish, legumes, yeast, and peanuts, to name a few. Lecithin supplements are sold to the public in capsule, powder or granular form. Lecithin is usually taken in a pill form or mixed into health shakes. Many companies advertise their supplies of lecithin as a dietary supplement on the web. Examples of supplement producers whom sell lecithin are The Herb Shop, All-Natural, Solgar, Health Revolution, Earth Legacy. Lecithin is also sold in many health food stores. These commercial forms are highly filtered. The commercial, dietary supplement form of lecithin contains less that 35% of phosphatidylcholine. (Szuhaj, 325) The various substances included and the different amounts of phosphatidylcholine ("scientific" lecithin) depend on the method of its preparation and the source from which the lecithin was taken. (Hanin, 444) most of the commercially used lecithin is derived from soybeans. (Central Soy). Lecithin is also retailed as an emulsifying agent, allowing fats to be dispersed when mixed with water. This is a great aid in the production of foods such as margarine, mayonnaise, chocolate and baked goods because it keeps foods from sticking to themselves and other surfaces. Lecithin is even used for industrial purposes. WHAT CLAIMS DO LECITHIN SUPPLEMENT SUPPLIERS MAKE ABOUT LECITHIN'S FUNCTIONS? Lecithin is promoted as a quick fix for weight loss, as well as many other diseases and ailments. Lecithin supplement producers claim that lecithin has a beneficial role in: Cardiovascular health Liver and cell function fat transport and fat metabolism reproduction and child development physical performance and muscle endurance cell communication improvement in memory, learning and reaction time relief of arthritis healthy hair and skin treatment for gallstones

An Analysis of Witi Ihimaera’s Whale Rider Essay

In Witi Ihimaera’s novel â€Å"Whale Rider† we follow Rawiri as he goes through his life watching the growth, incidents and magic of his niece Kahu. Kahu is destined to be the next chief of the Maori in Whangara, New Zealand, a tribe that has descended from the legendary â€Å"whale rider.† However, Kahu is, as Nanny Flowers says, â€Å"Hungry for [her grandfather’s] love,† (Ihimaera 34) and struggles to receive it because she is a girl. The author presents this story through Kahu’s Uncle Rawiri’s point of view, and this outside view of Kahu is brilliant because it creates tension between what the reader, author, Rawiri and Kahu are thinking and allows the reader to fill in the gaps themselves. The story would lack suspense and motivation if we knew Kahu’s thoughts and would lose all aspects of mystery. Whale Rider creates a distorted medium between reality and the character’s minds, which is what keeps the reader guessing, second-guessing and questioning all the way up until the moment of truth in the end. Ihimaera makes it the reader’s job to presume Kahu’s thoughts as opposed to actually providing them. Rawiri comes into play in that that he has had a special connection with Kahu since her birth, and being in a first-person perspective with Rawiri makes Rawiri like the reader in that they mutually want all of the answers. If the novel were from the point of view of Kahu, the main focus, the plot would lose all curiosity. It was thought provoking and interesting to see Kahu strive for her grandfather’s acceptance from before she could even walk. If Kahu narrated then we wouldn’t be able to experience her development from birth, and would lose all of her toddler years. Those years keep Kahu a â€Å"question† and make us, like Rawiri, unable to wait for her to come of age and either become the whale rider or not. Whale Rider carries itself primarily on motivation towards â€Å"the end†. For the readers it is for the book’s climax. For Rawiri, Nanny Flowers, and even Kahu herself, it is for the end of Kahu’s childhood and for the answers to be revealed. Ihimaera does a great job of manipulating the motivation of the reader and intertwining it with the motivation of the characters while also leaving a prism in the middle of reality and literature where some of the  gaps and missing pieces are left to be filled with the reader’s empathy, curiosity and imagination.

A Summer With Dad

A Summer With Dad Free Online Research Papers I do not remember much about my childhood. I have the worst long term memory in the whole world, but there is one summer where I remember everything vividly; the summer of 2002. I moved to California to stay with my father that summer. My dad, George, at the time worked at Kemper Sound, Stage, and Lighting Company. We traveled all over northern California that summer. It was the best summer I have had. I bet you’re wondering why we traveled so much? Well, Kemper Sound, Stage, and Lighting Company travels around to different fairs and concert halls, and as stated in the name, does the sound, stage, and lighting for the shows. The stage was not set up at every venue, but at some shows it was the most important service we provided. The stage came in sections measuring six feet by twelve feet. By placing different sections together, we could make different stages of various sizes. Black and textured with raised dots, the stage pieces were very heavy and connected to each other with thick steel clamps. Some concerts required at least 25 pieces if not more. The lighting was both spot lights and stage lighting. We provided the lights, the lighting board, and a technician to operate the system. The sound system included speakers, soundboard, monitors, microphones, and a technician to set it and run the system. The systems were all black in color and we had many different types of sy stems, from ones big enough for a major outdoor concert to a PA on a stick, a simple two speakers on sticks, microphone and a tiny mixing board. In addition to all the above we came early to set up, worked the show, and tore it down at the end. One of the major events we worked was the Sacramento World Music Festival. For this event we set up the main stage and did the sound for the secondary stage. The main stage took all day to set up. I remember it was hot that day, and the stage pieces are about 125 to 150 pounds each. The stage we put up was made of 125 stage pieces and the stage sat six feet off the ground, easy enough for a grown man to walk under. By midday, we were all sweaty and tired. At the end of the day, after working for about 12 hours, we looked haggard, worn, and covered in dirt. It reminded me of the pictures you see of coal miners after their long day at work. The festival itself was amazing. There were 30 to 40 booths set up by people who traveled with the music festival. Each booth was different and carried everything from clothes, to food, to knives. Two older women ran my favorite boot. They were most likely in their 50’s, and reminded me of gypsies. The women were funny and sarcastic and had a joke for everyone. They had a beautiful, royal purple velvet cloak that I wanted very much, but it was $230. The festival was full the sounds of people, music and children. It smelled of delicious foods and incense. The food ranged from American burgers and fries to fancy Italian, as well as some foods from Africa. We were at the music festival for three days, from load in to load out. Load in and load out are terms we say for setting up the show and tearing it down. Of all the shows we worked that summer, the Tracy Byrd concert was my favorite. I was very excited from the time I heard we were going to do the concert to the time we had finally finished. At the time, I was a big country music fan, and if you know anything about country music, you know who Tracy Byrd is. When we first got to the fair grounds, it was 9 o’clock pm. It was dark already but you could see the people setting up the rides and different booths. I could see the difference one ride made to the scenery. As a ride went up it also lit the sky. We had to set up the lights, which is Dad’s job and mine. We also ran all the lighting equipment, and the sound system, setting up and running, the sound system was both Ryan’s and Ryan’s jobs. The next day when the concert was scheduled, I was anxious, because even though Joan Kemper would not let me run the follow spot I was able to run the lighting board. Just before the show started, my dad helped me progra m the lighting board, so I knew the lighting combinations. The show went perfectly. Running the lighting board is tapping different buttons that cause a different set of lights to come on at once, to the beat of the music. Making sure, of course, the lighting matches the song that’s being played. So after many songs and a fury of lights, in all colors of the spectrum, the show ended. I was free to do as I pleased, so I ran to talk to the people on the tour. The bass player was at the souvenir stand. He was doing the accounting process (writing the sales, the purchases, and such on a report). I helped him do the calculations and in return he gave me a t-shirt. He even signed it for me. After that I helped him carry the rest of the products to the tour bus. Once we had put the merchandise away, he said â€Å"stay here, I have a surprise for you.† When he came back, he had Tracy Byrd in tow. I nearly fainted. Tracy Byrd was in his pajamas, well, pajama pants and a t-shir t with slippers. He signed my shirt and told me to keep being a music lover. When Tracey Byrd left, the bass player gave me some other souvenirs and then left as well. Unfortunately through my many moves I misplaced the shirt but I still retain the fond memory. Though most of the summer consisted of traveling and concerts, they were not the only things that we did. As a group, the people who worked for Kemper Sound, Stage and Lighting Company, Dad, Ryan, Ryan, Harmony, and I, took frequent trips to the hot springs in northern California, about 30 minutes from the border of Oregon. We all piled into a suburban and headed north. People generally had to pay to get in the springs but we went late at night and took a back entrance. A thick chain roped off the road that led to the springs. Because of that chain, we had to park about a quarter of a mile from the springs and walk the rest of the way. Since we did most things late at night, it was dark outside when we arrived. All I could see was a little bit of the road that was lit up by the two flashlights in a sort of triangular pattern. It was a gravel road with trees on both sides. The road curved and wound its way to the hot springs, so much so, that at parts of the road I felt like the trees surrounded me. About half way to the springs, a slight scent of sulfur invaded my nose. If you have ever lit a match you know, it smells a lot like rotten eggs. The scent got stronger and stronger, until the smell almost overpowered my senses, and I could smell or taste little else. The hot springs are set on the side of a cliff, with a forested canyon below. I could see the outline of the trees and when my eyes grew accustomed to the dark, I was able to see the tree more clearly. There are three different pools made out of natural rocks. The lowest one is the biggest, meaning it has more seating. We usually sat there. To get to the lower spring, you go down a set of big, stone steps, which travels down the center of the three springs. Two on one side one on the other and the larger spring is on the left as you go down. After being there about five minutes I got used to the smell of sulfur, relaxed, and had fun with my friends, with an occasional strong scent of sulfur. We went the re three or four times that summer. It was a place to relax after a couple of days on the road. One summer evening we all decided, for no particular reason that we wanted to take a drive to the coast. It was somewhere in the neighborhood of midnight and midnight-thirty when everything was prepared and we were all packed like sardines into the suburban, the people who came to the hot springs and few others I do not remember, plus one canine were among the people who came. We were at the coast in about three and a half hours. Though cramped in one vehicle, we still laughed and sang the whole way there. We finally arrived at the beach at four in the morning. I could smell salt from the ocean and the air was cool but not cold. The air made every part of me tingle, and I knew I was near somewhere clean and fresh. As soon as we drove onto the beach, the suburban got stuck in the sand. Since it was late, we decided to dig it out in the morning. Then every one raced for the ocean, stripping clothes as they went. Every one but Dad and I ran into the ocean naked. It was the funniest thin g I had ever seen, mostly because the water was so cold they ran back out again. They got dressed and Dad built a fire. We unloaded all the camping gear and set up a few tents and sleeping bags. We stayed up for a while around the fire just talking about the concerts we had done and the ones we had coming up soon. Finally, sleep came over me and took me to a place I could not hide from it. The next morning it was still a little chilly but the guys had already managed to dig out the SUV. We did not stay long at the beach; none of us liked crowds very much. We did not have anything to rush back to, so we hopped back in the SUV and headed north up the California coastline. It was stunning, the ocean almost a clear blue, the sun just barely risen so that the clouds were bright oranges and purples. We stopped at a cafà © and had some breakfast, then headed home. That was the last time I saw the ocean. The summer of 2002 was incredible fun, especially for a 17-year-old girl. I was able to go to many concerts, festivals, stay up late and travel all over northern California.. The best part was I spent the whole summer with my dad, and I learned a lot about theatre, music, lighting, and sound, that most people don’t know. For most teenagers that would be a dream, for me it was a reality. Research Papers on A Summer With DadThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Hockey GameHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayThe Spring and AutumnHip-Hop is ArtBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andWhere Wild and West MeetMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

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